Complete List of KPK Studies on Political Party Governance

The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) has completed 20 strategic studies, policy briefs, and corruption risk assessments (CRA) across various national priority sectors. One of these studies pertains to the governance of political parties.

KPK has identified four main problems in their management. First, parties lack a roadmap for political education. Second, parties do not have integrated cadre standardisation; third, parties lack a financial reporting system; and fourth, the Political Parties Law does not clearly regulate supervision mechanisms.

KPK then recommends 16 points related to political party governance. One of them urges the government and the House of Representatives (DPR) to supplement Article 34 of the Political Parties Law by adding a clause on the obligation to report political education activities, including activities, participants, objectives, and outputs funded by government financial assistance.

Another point recommends limiting the term of the party general chairman to a maximum of two periods to ensure the party cadre system functions properly.

“To ensure the cadre system operates, regulations are needed to limit the leadership of the party general chairman to a maximum of two terms,” as quoted from the KPK report.

Here is the complete study related to political party governance:

KPK found that:

1. There is no roadmap for implementing political education.

2. There is no standard integrated cadre system.

3. There is no financial reporting system for political parties.

4. The supervisory body in the Political Parties Law is unclear.

KPK recommends that:

1. The initiators of amendments to Law No. 2 of 2011 (Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Law and Human Rights) and DPR (Commission II and Legislative Body) supplement Article 34 by adding a clause on the obligation to report political education activities, including activities, participants, objectives, and outputs conducted by political parties funded by government financial assistance.

2. The Ministry of Home Affairs revises Ministerial Regulation No. 36 of 2018 and No. 36 of 2010 to regulate the curriculum content for political education as a reference for political parties.

3. The Ministry of Home Affairs develops an integrated reporting system for the implementation of political education conducted by the government or political parties. This aligns with the Ministry of Home Affairs’ duties and functions in general guidance on domestic politics and democracy (Article 117 of Ministerial Regulation No. 9 of 2025).

4. The preparation of curriculum content and integrated reporting system by the Ministry of Home Affairs becomes part of its supervisory duties as per the revision of Article 46 of Law No. 2 of 2008.

5. The need to add to the revision of Article 29 of Law No. 2 of 2011:

• Regarding political party membership in Article 29 Paragraph (1) letter a, add that political party members consist of young, intermediate, and senior members.

• Requirements for cadres as prospective DPR/DPRD candidates are clearly specified and tiered in the law under Article 29 paragraph (1a). For example: DPR candidates from senior cadres, provincial DPRD candidates from intermediate cadres.

• Requirements for prospective presidential/vice-presidential/regional head/deputy regional head candidates, in addition to being democratic and open, add a clause that they originate from the party cadre system.

• Add requirements for the minimum time joined the party to be nominated by the party.

6. The Ministry of Home Affairs develops standardisation and an integrated reporting system for political party cadre processes with the National Police.

7. Encourage political parties to implement Constitutional Court Decision No. 60/PUU-XXII/2024 on the minimum threshold for regional elections through candidate recruitment based on cadre systems.

8. To ensure the cadre system functions, regulations are needed to limit the leadership of the party general chairman to a maximum of two terms.

9. The initiators of amendments to Law No. 2 of 2011 (Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Law and Human Rights) and DPR (Commission II and Legislative Body) supplement Article 34 paragraph (1) letter a by implementing member dues with amounts based on cadre levels and recorded in political party financial reports.

10. Political parties implement Article 34 paragraph (1) letter a by applying member dues with amounts based on cadre levels and recorded in political party financial reports.

11. Political party financial reports disclose individual donations consisting of donations from executive/legislative party official members, ordinary members, and non-party members.

12. Eliminate donations from business entities/companies. Donations from business entities/companies are recorded as donations from individuals (Beneficial Ownership of the business entity) (implication: deletion of Article 35 paragraph (1) letter c).

13. The Ministry of Home Affairs creates an integrated financial reporting system for political parties with the national police reporting system that is accessible to the public.

14. The need to add to Article 39 in the revision of Law 2 of 2011:

The management of Political Party finances as referred to in paragraph (1) is audited by a public accountant every 1 (one) year and integrated into the political party financial reporting system managed by the government (Ministry of Home Affairs) periodically every year.

15. The need to add provisions for sanctions in Article 47 of Law 2 of 2011 regarding non-compliance of political parties in implementing Article 39 of Law 2 of 2011.

16. Revise Article 46 of Law No. 2 of 2011 supplemented with:

• The name of the institution granted authority to supervise political parties.

• The scope of supervision includes party finances, cadre systems, and political education.