What are the rules for infant formula distribution in Indonesia?

The proposal to distribute infant formula in the free nutritious meal (MBG) programme has sparked public debate recently. The plan has drawn criticism over concerns it could undermine exclusive breastfeeding amid high rates of malnutrition and stunting. The Indonesian Pediatric Association (IDAI) has criticised the proposal. IDAI stressed that infant formula distribution must not be done indiscriminately without clear medical indications. IDAI warned that unguided formula distribution could reduce exclusive breastfeeding success rates and distort the use of local foods, which form the cornerstone of evidence-based stunting interventions. So what are the actual rules for infant formula distribution in Indonesia? Infant formula distribution for children up to two years is strictly regulated by the government under regulations derived from Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, specifically Government Regulation No. 28 of 2024. Further rules are outlined in Health Ministry Regulation No. 39 of 2013 on Infant Formula and Other Products, and Health Minister Decision No. 450/MENKES/SK/IV/2004 on Exclusive Breastfeeding for Infants in Indonesia. For infants aged 6-11 months, follow-on formula may only be provided if the baby cannot access breast milk, such as in cases of maternal death, separation from the mother, or medically confirmed indications. Outside these scenarios, follow-on formula can only be given after the mother receives counselling from a lactation consultant and health professional support. This means follow-on formula cannot be universally distributed to infants aged 6-11 months. “This is a policy and standard for using formula milk as a replacement or supplement to breast milk based on specific conditions,” said the Health Ministry’s Head of Communication and Public Information Bureau, Aji Muhawarman.