Warning: Hantavirus Risk from Rat Droppings — Symptoms, Risks and Prevention

Health experts warn the public to be vigilant against Hantavirus transmitted by rodents, particularly rats, which can cause serious health complications and even death. Infection often occurs through direct exposure to urine, droppings, or saliva from infected rodents, especially when virus particles are inhaled with airborne dust.

Data collected as of 1 June 2026 indicates that transmission is most likely when cleaning rodent nests without personal protective equipment. Dried rodent droppings can aerosolise, allowing virus particles to enter the respiratory system.

Initial symptoms often mimic common illnesses such as fever, muscle pain, headache, chills, and fatigue. However, without prompt treatment, it can progress to Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS).

HPS is a critical condition involving fluid accumulation in the lungs causing severe breathing difficulties. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports a mortality rate of approximately 38%.

Given the severe risks, experts stress the importance of rodent population control in residential areas. Preventive measures include:

Do not sweep or use a vacuum cleaner when encountering rodent droppings, as this can disperse virus particles into the air. Instead, spray disinfectant first, then clean while wearing gloves and a mask.

Public awareness in maintaining environmental cleanliness is key to reducing transmission risk. Simple steps such as disinfecting affected areas and blocking rodent entry points can prevent fatal Hantavirus infections early on.

IPB experts warn of the danger of sweeping dry rodent droppings, which can spread Hantavirus through the air.

Jakarta Health Office urges residents to be vigilant against Hantavirus.