US-Iran Peace Efforts: Memorandum and Stalled Talks in Switzerland
A peace agreement between the United States (US) and Iran, mediated by several countries including Pakistan and Qatar, has become one of the most significant geopolitical developments of mid-2026. After months of conflict that shook the region, the two countries have finally reached a peace framework that paves the way for further negotiations on Iran’s nuclear programme, economic sanctions, and stability in the Gulf region. However, the implementation of the agreement still faces major challenges, particularly due to the ongoing conflict in Lebanon and tensions between Israel and Hezbollah.
Iran and the United States confirmed that the drafting of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was completed on Sunday (14/6). The memorandum agrees to an immediate and permanent cessation of military operations on all fronts, including Lebanon. The parties also mutually committed not to initiate war or military operations, to refrain from the use of force, and to guarantee the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Lebanon.
The draft agreement also provides a 60-day period for both countries to negotiate a final agreement regarding Iran’s nuclear programme and US sanctions. In addition, the draft memorandum sets a schedule for the United States to lift its naval blockade and all disruptions or obstacles against Iran, and will completely end the naval blockade within 30 days. The United States pledged, with regional partners, to develop a definitive, mutually agreed-upon plan with funds of at least 300 billion US dollars (approximately Rp5,353 trillion) for Iran’s reconstruction and economic development.
The nuclear issue was not excluded from the memorandum. The United States pledged to end all types of sanctions against Iran. The Islamic Republic of Iran reaffirmed that it will not acquire or develop nuclear weapons. The United States and Iran agreed to resolve the handling of stockpiles of enriched material through a mechanism to be agreed upon. While awaiting a final agreement, the United States and Iran agreed to maintain the status quo. Iran will maintain the current status quo of its nuclear programme, and the US will not impose any new sanctions and will not deploy additional troops in the region.