Trump's New Ambition: What Is a Quantum Computer?

The United States government has launched a strategic move to accelerate the development of high-powered quantum computing, targeted for completion within the next two years, as part of the global technological competition with other nations.

President Donald Trump signed two executive orders on Monday (22/6) aimed at encouraging the construction of quantum computers for scientific research needs, while also strengthening the government’s defence systems against potential cyber threats arising from this technology.

According to Michael Kratsios, Head of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, the development of quantum computing is targeted for completion by 202ng.

“We are confident that this target can be achieved,” he stated during a media briefing.

Quantum computers work by utilising the laws of quantum physics to process information, enabling them to solve highly complex computational problems far more rapidly than current conventional supercomputers.

On one hand, this technology opens significant opportunities for advancements in artificial intelligence, the discovery of new materials, and chemical and pharmaceutical research. On the other hand, its ability to break current standard encryption systems also raises concerns regarding the risk of more sophisticated cyberattacks.

A key point in the order is the target to migrate the US government’s primary computing systems to post-quantum cryptography systems by 2030 or 2031 at the latest. This step is intended to ensure that government data and networks remain secure even as quantum-based hacking capabilities become widespread.

Furthermore, this policy directs government agencies to devise plans for the implementation of quantum-based sensors and networks within the next five years. The US government also reaffirmed its commitment to strengthening international cooperation regarding the protection of intellectual property rights and the security of the technology’s supply chain.

Previously, the US Department of Commerce announced the provision of $2 billion in funding to acquire stakes in nine quantum computer developer companies, including a new venture established by IBM.

This move reinforces the US position in the competition for quantum technology leadership, which is considered one of the fundamental pillars for future economic advantage and national security.