Revealed! Farmers in This Province Are the Most Prosperous in Indonesia
The Farmers’ Exchange Rate (NTP) exhibits diverse patterns across various regions of Indonesia. This key indicator for assessing farmers’ welfare has surged in one particular area.
BPS data indicates that in the early period of the Prabowo Subianto administration, NTP varies significantly between regions. Some provinces have seen sharp increases, while others have faced considerable pressure.
2025: Java Surges, Sulawesi Declines
From December 2025 compared to December 2024, the Java region recorded the most impressive performance with a year-on-year NTP increase of 4.27%. This was supported by rises in NTP across all provinces in the region.
The province with the highest increase was East Java, while the lowest NTP rise was in DKI Jakarta at 2.20%, entirely driven by improvements in the fisheries subsector.
Meanwhile, the Sulawesi region was the only area to experience contraction, with NTP falling 5.62% annually.
In the Sumatra region, Bangka Belitung Islands recorded the highest NTP increase, while Riau had the worst performance.
In the Bali and Nusa Tenggara region, the Farmers’ Exchange Rate (NTP) rose 4.21% annually. Increases occurred in all provinces.
Bali up 2.15%
East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) up 0.49%
West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) up 8.79%,
The surge in NTB was driven by a sharp rise in the horticulture subsector, supported by others:
horticulture (41.77%),
food crops (3.76%),
livestock (3.33%),
fisheries (1.17%).
The Maluku and Papua region overall recorded a slight NTP increase of 0.17% annually, supported by South Papua’s 4.71% rise.
This increase was propelled by a surge in the horticulture subsector at 16.25%, along with support from smallholder plantations (+0.17%) and livestock (+3.36%). Other provinces also contributed to the regional NTP rise.
In this region, only Maluku and Papua Mountains experienced NTP declines of 5.96% and 2.74%, respectively.
2024: Sumatra Leads, Java Struggles Most
From December 2024 compared to 2023, Sumatra’s NTP soared by 16.91%, supported by increases in all its provinces. The highest NTP rise in this region was in Bengkulu (+27.93%), and the lowest in Riau Islands (+0.44%).
Smallholder plantations were the main driver in Bengkulu with a +35.32% increase. Other support came from livestock (+1.46%) and fisheries (+2.43%).
Meanwhile, the Java region was the most troubled, with NTP declining by 2.29%, due to drops in all provinces.
The deepest NTP decline in Java occurred in Central Java at 3.53%, primarily caused by contraction in the food crops subsector (-6.25%), followed by horticulture (-2.76%) and fisheries (-2.80%).
On the other hand, the smallest NTP decline was in DKI Jakarta at -1.17%, entirely contributed by the fisheries subsector.
Besides Java, the Maluku and Papua region also saw an NTP decline of -0.49%. This was because NTP in most provinces depreciated, with Maluku experiencing the deepest depreciation (-5.28%).
The sharp decline in Maluku was caused by drops in the following subsectors:
Food Crops -3.10%
Horticulture -6.12%
Smallholder Plantations -7.42%
Livestock -1.68%
Fisheries -1.44%
Nevertheless, two provinces still saw increases. Southwest Papua rose 1.63%. Meanwhile, South Papua recorded an increase up to 4.10%, driven by NTP rises in horticulture (+9.04%), livestock (+4.31%), and fisheries (+8.64%).
In the Bali and Nusa Tenggara region, annual NTP increased slightly by 0.37%, driven by rises in East Nusa Tenggara (+2.54%) and West Nusa Tenggara (+0.40%).
The increase in NTT was significantly supported by the smallholder plantations subsector, which rose up to 13.72%. Additionally, food crops (+0.14%) and fisheries (+0.01%) provided slight support.
In this region, Bali actually experienced a 1.59% decline. This was caused by NTP depreciation in several subsectors:
Food Crops -7.22%
Smallholder Plantations -1.46%
Fisheries -1.20%
Meanwhile, the Kalimantan region saw an NTP increase of up to 9.87%, with all provinces experiencing rises. West Kalimantan led this region with a 20.32% increase, supported by smallholder plantations (+28.76%).
Although still rising, South Kalimantan had the lowest increase in this region at 2.01%, with smallholder plantations as the main driver (+25.89%), supported by livestock (+1.67%) and fisheries (+0.64%).
The increase in the Sulawesi region was not greater than Kalimantan’s, rising only 7.61%. Five provinces drove this increase, while one province still experienced an NTP decline.
West Sulawesi was the province with the highest NTP increase up to 22.13%. This was supported by the following subsectors:
Smallholder Plantations +36.82% (main driver)
Livestock +1.92%
Fisheries +0.51%
On the other hand, Gorontalo was the only province in this region to experience an NTP decline of 2.76%, with declines in food crops (-9.34%) and horticulture (-3.99%) as the main factors.