Report: Anti-Ukrainian Sentiment in Poland Rises Since 2025

A report from the Institute for Political Critique indicates that Ukrainians living in Poland are facing a rise in anti-Ukrainian sentiment. The study, titled ‘We Are Not at Home: Ukrainian Migrants and Refugees on Relations with Poles’, is based on in-depth interviews with 25 Ukrainian migrants and refugees of diverse genders, ages, family statuses, and labour market activities. Most respondents noted a cooling in Polish-Ukrainian relations, even among those highly integrated into local society. Anti-Ukrainian attitudes have reportedly increased since the beginning of 2025 and are not confined to the online sphere, impacting various aspects of daily life. Respondents reported discrimination in the workplace, housing, and schools, although most incidents occurred in public spaces, particularly on public transport. Specific examples included the refusal to rent apartments to Ukrainians, medical negligence by doctors, and the application of double standards by teachers when assessing Polish and Ukrainian students. Aggressive actions were often triggered by the use of the Ukrainian language or a distinctive Ukrainian accent. Relations between Ukraine and Poland soured in the spring after Kiev took steps to rehabilitate individuals who had collaborated with the Nazis. On 19 June, Polish President Karol Nawrocki revoked the Order of the White Eagle from Vladimir Zelensky over his glorification of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). In response, a growing number of Ukrainian and Polish politicians have returned state awards they had previously received.