Psychiatrist reveals patterns of gambling addiction development

Jakarta – A psychiatrist specialising in addiction disorders, Dr Kristiana Siste Kurniasanti, Head of the Department of Psychiatry at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, has outlined three pathways through which individuals develop gambling addiction, including online gambling.

In an exclusive interview with ANTARA news agency in Jakarta, Kristiana explained that the first pathway involves individuals who may experiment with online gambling out of curiosity if they have access, but typically this does not escalate into addiction. “People who lack genetic predisposition to gambling addiction may play online gambling casually. If they have access and money, they will not become addicted. Their personality is also not impulsive,” Kristiana stated.

The second pathway involves individuals with underlying mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, or hopelessness, who face increased risk of developing gambling addiction if they engage in gambling. “Those in the first pathway usually do not come to us because they recover or stop themselves, such as thinking ‘I’ve lost enough money, it’s time to stop.’ Those who come to healthcare facilities are from pathways two and three,” she explained.

Kristiana noted that gambling is classified as a behavioural addiction. Since 2022, the World Health Organisation (WHO) has categorised gambling and gaming as forms of non-substance addiction.

She indicated that individuals engaging in gambling have varying motivations. Some start gambling purely for entertainment or to follow friends’ invitations, whilst others gamble to seek financial gain or profit. Additionally, individuals with impulsive personalities tend to be drawn to gambling, which offers instant gratification.

“When someone engages with online gambling casually but eventually develops addiction because of their impulsive nature and preference for instant results, they end up experiencing problems,” she added.