New Nation Near Indonesia Preparing for Independence by 2030
President Bougainville Ishmael Toroama has established a firm political deadline for the autonomous region to separate from Papua New Guinea (PNG). The Bougainville Autonomous Government has officially decided to transition towards self-government in 2027, before ultimately achieving full independence in 2030.
Citing reports from Islands Business, Toroama explained that this final position is strongly based on the Bougainville Peace Agreement, Part XIV of the PNG Constitution, and various post-referendum agreements. This systematic approach is intended to provide legal certainty and maintain security stability following more than two decades of peaceful negotiations.
“This position is not based on emotion or mere convenience. It is rooted in the Bougainville Peace Agreement, Part XIV of the Papua New Guinea Constitution, as well as the official commitments and agreements that have guided our journey and maintained peace until now,” stated President Toroama.
He added that the referendum results, which favoured independence, remain the primary pillar of the Bougainville people’s demand to become an internationally recognised sovereign nation. Toroama also referenced a series of joint agreement documents, such as the Joint Communiqué of 11 January 2021, the Kokopo and Wabag Joint Statements, the APEC, the Kone Era Covenant, and the Melanesian Agreement, as the official roadmap.
Independence Roadmap and Call to Maintain Trust
President Toroama reminded that trust between parties is currently being tested due to breaches of previously established agreements. According to the plan, Bougainville will enter a preparation phase until 1 September 2027, focusing on strengthening institutions, governance, security, and economic readiness.
From 1 September 2027, the region will officially enter the era of self-government, assuming additional powers in accordance with Article 289 of the PNG Constitution. This stage represents the highest form of constitutional expression before Bougainville officially becomes an independent nation on a date to be determined in 2030.
In his closing remarks, Toroama emphasised his commitment to maintaining friendly relations and good cooperation with the Government of Papua New Guinea. He also called upon all people of Bougainville to remain united, patient, and steadfast in preserving the peace that has been built together throughout the negotiations.