Modern technology aids progress in Yunnan's terraced farming regions
During the current harvest season, terraced rice fields in the Yuanyang region of southwest Yunnan, China, are utilising drones to transport newly harvested paddy. Carrying loads of 50 kilograms, these drones traverse hills and the rooftops of rural homes.
The Hani Yuanyang terraces hold three world-class heritage recognitions: World Cultural Heritage, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems, and World Heritage Irrigation Systems. With the introduction of new agricultural equipment, these thousands-of-years-old terraces are once again showcasing an abundant harvest.
In the past, villagers had to navigate winding and steep mountain paths to transport paddy using horses or by carrying it manually. Thanks to these drones, a single sack can be transported in less than 10 minutes for a round trip, compared to over 40 minutes manually. The operational costs of drones are also lower than manual labour wages.
Efforts to reduce labour also extend to the rice cultivation process. This year, Niujiaozhai in the Yuanyang region is testing perennial rice planting technology using seed-embedded paper sheets developed by Yunnan University. These rice seeds are first placed on biodegradable paper sheets, which are then laid directly onto the paddy fields.
Work that previously required two or three people for an entire day to transplant rice seedlings can now be completed in just two to three hours. Although various technologies have been implemented, manual labour is still required for inspecting ditches and irrigation systems, dredging paddy fields, and routine maintenance.
Furthermore, the region has successfully integrated its characteristic terraced agriculture with tourism and agricultural e-commerce, creating numerous jobs. This has led a large number of migrant workers to return to their hometowns, as they can now earn a living close to home. Rural cooperatives have been established to coordinate business and expand the sale of agricultural products, thereby increasing the income of local farmers.
Pu Wei, an agricultural technician with 26 years of experience in the area, stated that new rice varieties, innovative technologies, and the integrated rice-fish-duck farming system are all part of various efforts to help farmers reduce costs and increase income.
Lu Zhengxing, a local resident of Yuanyang, recalls migrating to find work in 2005 with only 40 yuan (approximately 62 yuan in today’s value). “The bus fare alone cost 35 yuan. I couldn’t help but cry on the bus. I was not yet 20 years old at the time,” Lu reminisced.
Modern technology, the perseverance of the community, and supportive policies are ensuring that the ancient terraces of Yunnan continue to flourish in the modern era.