Lupus: Chronic Autoimmune Disease Prevalent Among Women, Says Doctor

Jakarta, CNBC Indonesia - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), more commonly known as lupus, is a chronic autoimmune disease. This is because the immune system, which should protect the body from viruses and bacteria, instead attacks healthy tissues and organs. “It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, heart, and lungs,” said Dr. Sandra Sinthya Langow, a Specialist in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Consultant, during AstraZeneca’s World Lupus Day Media Conference in South Jakarta on Tuesday, 26 May 2026. Further, Dr. Sandra stated that lupus is one of the autoimmune disorders most commonly affecting women, particularly those of reproductive age between 15 and 45. Health experts estimate that around nine out of ten lupus patients are female. This is believed to be linked to the hormone oestrogen, which can influence the immune system. Additionally, genetic and environmental factors also contribute to an increased risk of developing lupus. Medically, lupus cannot be completely prevented as the exact cause remains unknown. Doctors emphasise the importance of early detection to ensure patients receive treatment and maintain quality of life. However, if you have a family history of lupus or have already been diagnosed with the condition, the best steps are to avoid triggers that cause flare-ups and adopt a healthy lifestyle to stabilise the immune system. Symptoms of Lupus Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, a butterfly-shaped red rash on the face, unexplained fever, hair loss, and sensitivity to sunlight. In some cases, patients experience swelling in the legs due to kidney complications. Prevention To reduce the risk of lupus or prevent relapses, the public is advised to: - Avoid excessive sun exposure and use sunscreen. - Consume a balanced diet rich in vegetables and fruits. - Engage in regular light exercise to maintain immunity. - Manage stress effectively through adequate rest and relaxation activities. - Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption. - Undergo regular health check-ups, especially if there is a family history of autoimmune diseases.