Lack of voter education may cause ballot error: Analyst
Kurniawan Hari, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta
As most voters are unaware of the new electoral system, political parties are likely to encourage supporters to punch the logo of political parties on ballot papers instead of marking the names of legislative candidates, a political analyst says.
Consequently, this will lead to the election -- or reelection -- of legislative candidates loyal to political parties rather than the election of candidates fighting for public interests, said Arbi Sanit, a lecturer with the University of Indonesia.
"I believe the Elections Law was designed to maintain the status quo, so the performance of legislators will be the same," he said at a discussion here.
Under the Elections Law, voters are to mark both party logos and legislative candidates on the ballot papers, a system that was adopted to allow the public to select candidates they considered to best represent their interests.
Ballot papers will be declared invalid if voters mark only the name of their chosen candidate.
However, the law stipulates that ballot papers bearing a mark on the party logo alone, as in past elections, would be considered valid.
Article 107 of the General Elections Law says that candidates are elected as legislators if they gain a certain number of votes. Priority will be given to those at the top of the candidates list if no candidate has collected adequate votes.
As the list of legislative candidates is drawn up by political parties, this will result in the winning parties represented by legislators from the top of their lists -- most likely those loyal to party leaders and interests rather than public interests.
This scenario may become real, as a survey conducted by the Center for Electoral Reform (Cetro) revealed that more than half of the country's 145 million registered voters still do not know how to punch ballot papers properly.
The survey showed that 43 percent of 2,995 people surveyed in December punched party logos only, while 34 percent simply did not know where to punch. Only 23 percent marked their ballot papers properly.
Voters who were unaware of the voting procedures were mostly those from remote villages, the elderly, farmers, taxi drivers and public transportation drivers.
Most legislative candidates have tried to take advantage of the confusion among voters by encouraging them to mark party logos only.
Muslim-based United Development Party (PPP) chairman Djuhad Mahja acknowledged on Friday that the new system was confusing and that his party would not risk the people's confusion.
He added that PPP leaders had discussed the issue and most of them feared a possible decrease in the votes the PPP would garner in the legislative election on April 5, 2004.
"If the people become confused, it will be better for them to punch the party logo only," he said.
Rully Chairul Azwar, deputy secretary-general of the Golkar Party, disagreed, saying that all parties must provide the public with information on the proper voting procedure.
He said proper voter education was one thing, and the validity of the ballot papers was another.
"I reject the campaign of urging voters to punch only the party logo during the election. It is a kind of misinformation," he said.
Voters will be choosing from among 24 political parties in the legislative election. Parties or coalitions of parties that gain 3 percent of seats in the House of Representatives or 5 percent of total votes would be allowed to contest in the first direct presidential election scheduled for July 5.