Indonesia's Gold Reserves Rank 4th Globally, Production Lags Behind
Indonesia is among the countries with the largest gold reserves in the world. Based on data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Indonesia’s gold reserves in 2025 are estimated to reach 3,600 tonnes.
With that amount, Indonesia ranks fourth in the world in terms of gold reserves, below Australia, Russia, and South Africa. The USGS estimates total world gold reserves in 2025 at around 66,000 tonnes.
In detail, Australia is the country with the largest gold reserves in the world, at 13,000 tonnes, followed by Russia with 12,000 tonnes and South Africa with 5,000 tonnes. Indonesia is in fourth place with reserves of 3,600 tonnes.
Indonesia’s position as the owner of the fourth-largest reserves in the world is also confirmed by the Indonesia Mining Institute (IMI). “Indonesia is ranked 4th among countries with the largest gold reserves in the world,” said IMI Chairman Irwandy Arif in the Gold Outlook 2026, CNBC Indonesia, some time ago.
Irwandy noted that the total number of gold mining permits in Indonesia, including Mining Business Permits (IUP), Special Mining Business Permits (IUPK), Contracts of Work (KK) and People’s Mining Permits (IPR), reaches 112 permits. Of that total, 80 permits, or 71%, already have resource and reserve data. Meanwhile, 32 permits, or 29%, do not yet have data.
“Throughout Indonesia, every province has gold miners. If we look at it, the effect of this constellation of official companies is very large. We produced approximately 160 tonnes of gold in 2024 from all the gold companies in Indonesia. This is a milestone,” Irwandy stressed.
The following is a list of countries with the largest gold reserves based on 2025 USGS data:
Australia 13,000 tonnes
Russia 12,000 tonnes
South Africa 5,000 tonnes
Indonesia 3,600 tonnes
China 3,200 tonnes
Canada 3,200 tonnes
United States 3,000 tonnes
Kazakhstan 2,300 tonnes
Peru 2,200 tonnes
Uzbekistan 2,200 tonnes
On the other hand, the size of Indonesia’s gold reserves is not yet reflected in its annual production position. The USGS estimates Indonesia’s gold mine production in 2025 will reach 90 tonnes, down from 2024 production of 94 tonnes.
With production of 90 tonnes, Indonesia is below a number of the world’s major producers. China is the largest gold producer in 2025 with production of around 380 tonnes, followed by Russia with 310 tonnes, Australia with 280 tonnes, Canada with 200 tonnes, and the United States with 160 tonnes. Globally, gold mine production in 2025 is estimated to reach 3,300 tonnes, up slightly from 3,280 tonnes in 2024.