Fire Extinguishers: Types, Functions, and Why SNI Certification is Mandatory
Fire is one of the risks most frequently underestimated, even though its impact can destroy assets, disrupt business operations, and even claim lives within minutes. It is at this point that fire extinguishers play a crucial role. Far from being merely a building accessory, this equipment is the first line of defence before a fire grows and before firefighters arrive at the scene.
Unfortunately, many business owners and building managers still do not understand the differences between types of fire extinguishers, how to choose one that meets standards, or the legal rules that now require SNI certification. This article will thoroughly examine all of these aspects, including the latest regulations you need to be aware of.
What Is a Fire Extinguisher?
A fire extinguisher is a device designed to extinguish or control a fire in its early stages. The category is quite broad, ranging from portable devices that can be carried in one hand to permanently installed protection systems within a building.
In general, fire extinguishers are divided into two major groups: active devices operated by humans (such as APAR) and automatic systems that work without human intervention (such as sprinklers and fire detection systems).
Types of Fire Extinguishers
Understanding the types of fire extinguishers helps you select the right device according to the risks at your location. The following are the most commonly used in Indonesia:
- APAR (Light Fire Extinguisher)
This is the most popular fire extinguisher because it is practical and easy to use. APAR is available in several extinguishing media: powder (dry chemical), CO2, foam, and liquid gas. ABC powder media is a favourite because it can extinguish Class A, B, and C fires simultaneously.
- Hydrant
A hydrant system delivers high-pressure water through a pipe network. It is suitable for multi-storey buildings, factories, and large areas that require a substantial water supply to extinguish fires.
- Fire Sprinkler
An automatic sprinkler system that activates when it detects excessive heat. Sprinklers are highly effective at extinguishing fires in the early stages, especially in hotels, shopping centres, and offices.
- Fire Alarm & Detector
Smoke detectors, heat detectors, and manual call points serve as an early warning system. Although they do not extinguish fires directly, these devices provide valuable time for evacuation and rapid response.