Expert Highlights Three Key Aspects of Coastal Hydrometeorological Disaster Mitigation

A professor from the Faculty of Engineering at Andalas University (Unand) in West Sumatra, Prof Mas Mera, has emphasised the need to pay attention to three main aspects in the construction of hydrometeorological disaster mitigation infrastructure in coastal areas. The aim is to ensure that coastal protection structures have optimal functional resilience and do not endanger the public. The professor of fluid mechanics and hydraulics revealed that the functional failure of coastal protection infrastructure is often not caused by poor material quality. The main problem lies in the inaccuracy of the structure typology selection due to a lack of understanding of the physical working mechanisms of the structure in responding to local hydraulic energy. “If a beach experiences abrasion due to perpendicular waves but a groin with the wrong typology is forced upon it, it is not only ineffective but also triggers artificial rip currents along the side of the structure that endanger tourists,” said Prof Mas Mera. As evidence of the importance of typological accuracy, Prof Mas Mera cited the case of Muaro Putuih Beach in Agam Regency. Initially, a conventional groin structure there was ineffective at withstanding perpendicular waves. However, after being modified into a T-Head Groin, the structure’s function changed to that of a breakwater. The modification successfully created a calm zone and triggered massive sedimentation. Theoretically, groins are only suitable for addressing longshore currents. For perpendicular waves, a breakwater is the right choice because it can form a tombolo. With the application of proper techniques, the area behind the breakwater is not only safe from abrasion but can also be planted with trees and utilised as a public space or a safe playground for children.