BPOM Uncovers Dangerous Cosmetics; UMY Lecturer Warns of Risks Ranging from Liver Damage to Cancer
The circulation of inexpensive cosmetics containing hazardous substances has come under scrutiny after the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) discovered that 11 cosmetic products contained the red dye K10, also known as Rhodamin B, throughout 2026. This substance, typically used in textiles and paint, is considered a risk for triggering liver dysfunction and cancer if used continuously.
These findings were reported on the official website of the Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (UMY) on Friday (15/5/2026). In addition to Rhodamin B, BPOM also identified other dangerous ingredients such as mercury, hydroquinone, retinoic acid, dexamethasone, and 1,4-dioxane contamination in several cosmetic products.
A lecturer in the Pharmacy Study Programme at UMY, apt. RR. Sabtanti Harimurti, M.Sc., Ph.D., stated that the public needs to be more cautious when selecting beauty products, particularly those sold freely on marketplaces at low prices. “The discovery of cosmetics containing the K10 red dye serves as a reminder that the public must not choose cosmetics indiscriminately,” said Sabtanti.
Due to its bright colour and low cost, this substance is frequently misused in decorative cosmetics such as lipsticks, blushes, and eyeshadows. “Rhodamin B is actually an industrial dye, not intended for the human body. Because of its bright colour and cheap price, some parties misuse it in cosmetics to make them look attractive while keeping production costs low,” she explained.
In the short term, using cosmetics containing Rhodamin B can trigger skin irritation, burning sensations, rashes, and itching, especially for those with sensitive skin. However, more serious risks may emerge with long-term use. Sabtanti noted that the substance can enter the body through the skin, mouth, or respiratory tract. “In the case of lipstick, for example, the substance can be ingested bit by bit. The problem is that Rhodamin B cannot be properly metabolised by the body, leading to accumulation,” she said. She added that the carcinogenic properties of Rhodamin B can trigger liver dysfunction and even liver cancer due to prolonged exposure.