Beware: The Most Vulnerable Groups Affected by the 2026 Godzilla El Niño

The “Godzilla” El Niño phenomenon is predicted to potentially occur in Indonesia during the 2026 dry season, around April to October, with the main impacts being hotter weather, longer dry periods, and reduced rainfall. This situation not only triggers droughts and water crises but also increases ultraviolet (UV) exposure and worsens air quality, posing risks to public health. Amid this, several groups are considered most vulnerable to the impacts, from children and the elderly to workers who spend much of their time outdoors. Based on warnings from the Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), the groups that need special attention include: These groups are assessed as more susceptible to health disruptions when temperatures rise and air quality declines simultaneously. The Head of the Jakarta Health Service, Ani Ruspitawati, has reminded that extreme heat should not be taken lightly as it directly affects the body’s condition. “High temperatures not only increase the risk of heatstroke and dehydration but also exacerbate chronic illnesses such as heart and lung diseases,” she stated. Drier and dustier air increases concentrations of fine particulates, which can trigger a surge in acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) cases, especially among vulnerable groups. This condition creates a double burden, with the body facing extreme heat alongside pollution exposure. Additionally, behind the clear skies during the dry season, ultraviolet (UV) radiation poses a serious threat that is often overlooked. According to Dr. Irwan Saputra Batubara, excessive UV exposure can damage skin cell DNA and increase the risk of skin cancer. Some impacts that can occur due to UV exposure: UV exposure is strongest from 10:00 to 16:00 WIB. Even UVA rays can penetrate window glass, so the risk remains even indoors. Extreme heat also affects psychological conditions.