9 Steps to Protect Children from Volcanic Ash Exposure

Exposure to volcanic ash needs to be anticipated, especially in children who are more vulnerable to respiratory tract disorders. Paediatric specialist at RSIA Bina Medika, Dr Leonirma Tengguna, M.Sc, Sp.A, CIMI, shared nine steps parents can take to protect their children while volcanic ash continues to fall.

Through a thread on social media, Leonirma reminded that the first protection to be taken is to avoid direct exposure to ash. While ash is still falling, children should not engage in physical activity or play outside the home.

Secondly, parents need to pay attention to mask use. Leonirma explained that masks are not recommended for infants under two years of age. Citing recommendations from the CDC and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), mask use in this age group risks obstructing the airway, and infants are not yet able to remove the mask themselves when experiencing breathing difficulties.

Meanwhile, for children aged two years and above, masks can be used with a size appropriate for the face. Masks that are too large or loose can make protection against ash exposure less than optimal.

The third step is to control indoor air quality. Parents are advised to close doors and windows while ash is falling. If using air conditioning, the mode that draws air from outside should be turned off. An air purifier can also be used to help maintain indoor air quality.

Fourth, parents need to clean up ash in the right way. Ash that has settled in the yard or around the house should be dampened or sprayed with water first before being cleaned. Cleaning ash in dry conditions can cause particles to become airborne again, making them easier to inhale.

Fifth, parents need to prevent items exposed to ash from entering the house. Shoes, jackets, bags and other items affected by ash should be cleaned first. Parents who have just been active outdoors and exposed to ash are also advised to clean themselves and change clothes before holding a baby.

Sixth, children’s eyes and skin also need to be protected. If ash gets into the eyes, children are advised not to rub them as this can worsen irritation. Eyes can be rinsed immediately with clean water or artificial tears. Meanwhile, skin exposed to ash needs to be cleaned promptly with running water, including in skin folds.

Seventh, food and drinking water hygiene needs to be maintained. Water and food storage containers should be tightly closed to prevent ash exposure. Food ingredients exposed to ash also need to be washed thoroughly before processing, including ingredients to be used for complementary feeding (MPASI).

Eighth, parents need to recognise danger signs in children. Leonirma reminded that children should be taken to a health facility immediately if they experience rapid breathing or appear to have difficulty breathing, there is chest wall retraction, lips appear bluish, or a baby refuses to breastfeed or drink at all.

Ninth, ensure children continue to get enough fluids. Children who experience coughing or respiratory tract irritation may become more fussy and experience a reduced fluid intake. Therefore, parents are advised to continue offering breast milk or age-appropriate drinks more frequently during the period of volcanic ash exposure.

Leonirma reminded that these steps are important to reduce ash exposure and maintain children’s condition while volcanic activity continues.