Vietnam's boat people

Vietnam's boat people

The pledge issued by visiting Vietnamese President Le Duc Anh
the other day that his country will prepare for the return of the
8,000 Vietnamese boat people now in Indonesia, undoubtedly came
as a final blow to them. Now their fate is sealed. Their dreams
of going to some industrialized country to settle have been
shattered. Now they have to go back to Vietnam, the homeland
which they fled years ago.

Actually, their fate was sealed last February when the United
Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) decided to close
down the refugee camps in Hong Kong and Southeast Asia, which
shelter 50,000 people, by the end of next year.

It is obvious that the UNHCR has no other choice except to
close down the camps because no third country is willing to
accept the refugees for various reasons. Most of the boat people
have even failed to meet the UNHCR criteria to classify them as
refugees.

For countries where the camps are located, their presence
seems to be more irritating by the day. Initially set up for
humanitarian reasons, the camps and the prospect of maintaining
them with no clear future of resettlement for the refugees, has
obviously changed the minds of the governments concerned.

Indonesia, which is planning to develop Galang island just
south of Singapore as part of the Batam industrial zone, sees the
refugees now housed there as an obstruction. Last October,
Indonesia and Vietnam reached an agreement to repatriate all of
them by the middle of 1995.

On the other side of the issue, the boat people, who for years
have nurtured some sort of dream of resettling in a rich country,
view the UNHCR decision as unacceptable, which is understandable
enough. No wonder they steadfastly resist the decision and have
gone so far as to launch hunger strikes, with several of them
even trying to commit suicide by setting themselves afire to
emphasize their protest. Up to 500 Vietnamese boat people on
Galang island are reported to have been on a hunger strikes since
last week to protest President Anh's visit.

There are two points to consider in this issue. The first is
humanitarian. Those thousands of refugees are certainly entitled
to realize their dreams. They have braved storms, risked their
lives and sold all their belongings to flee what they claim to be
a bleak future of living under pressure and duress in their home
country.

But the fact that they don't even meet the requirements to be
considered as refugees also should be considered. Just from this
point of view, we don't think that any country would be willing
to accept them now, or in the future. Moreover, the world is
changing. The boat people are considered yesterday's issue.

In many nations their plight is a dead issue. After
experiencing racial conflicts or increasing rates of violence,
allegedly caused by the influx of Southeast Asian immigrants,
many industrialized countries are having second thoughts about
them. Many openly admit that the refugees are now unwanted
people.

With the door for resettlement closed, it is apparent that
there is no other choice for those refugees except to return to
their homeland. But, to send them back by force should be the
last resort.

What could be suggested is to assure the refugees that to
return to their homeland is the best and only solution for them.
They should be informed of the current situation in Vietnam,
where the government is pursuing a new policy of openness. If
necessary, a number of refugee leaders should be invited to visit
Vietnam to see for themselves the "new Vietnam", which is
reportedly far different from the one they fled.

We believe that this kind of approach could help alleviate
fears among the refugees. Meanwhile, to speed up the process, the
UNHCR could raise the amount of its grants to voluntary returnees
to help them achieve a viable livelihood. Apparently, everybody
wants to forget the Vietnamese boat people issue as soon as
possible. For now there are Bosnia, Somalia and Rwanda
threatening even greater tragedies.