{
    "success": true,
    "data": {
        "id": 2040551,
        "msgid": "what-is-causing-the-hot-weather-in-java-is-it-because-the-sun-is-overhead-1792137119",
        "date": "2026-10-16 14:12:32",
        "title": "What Is Causing the Hot Weather in Java? Is It Because the Sun Is Overhead?",
        "author": "",
        "source": "DETIK",
        "tags": "",
        "topic": "Social Policy",
        "summary": "BMKG says Java\u2019s mid-October heat coincides with the Sun\u2019s annual passage directly overhead, but the intense conditions are also linked to dry-season weather and very limited cloud cover. The agency forecasts a later-than-usual start to the rainy season in most of Indonesia, with El Ni\u00f1o among the contributing climate factors.",
        "content": "<p>Hot, sunny weather has affected several areas of Java recently. On\nsocial media, users have widely linked the high temperatures to the Sun\nbeing directly above the island. So what is actually happening?<\/p>\n<p>The Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) has\nexplained the phenomenon. According to the agency, the Main Culmination\nphenomenon, associated with the Sun\u2019s apparent daily motion, is indeed\ntaking place over Java in mid-October.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"the-main-culmination-phenomenon-in-java\">The Main Culmination\nphenomenon in Java<\/h3>\n<p>BMKG explains on its official website that the Sun being directly\noverhead is known as the Main Culmination, or \u2018Shadowless Day\u2019. It\noccurs when the Sun reaches its highest point in the sky, or the zenith,\nat midday.<\/p>\n<p>The phenomenon is caused by the fact that the Earth\u2019s equatorial\nplane, or plane of rotation, does not coincide exactly with its ecliptic\nplane, or plane of revolution. As a result, as seen from Earth, the\nSun\u2019s position appears to shift throughout the year between 23.5\u00b0 north\nand 23.5\u00b0 south. This is known as the Sun\u2019s apparent daily motion.<\/p>\n<p>Nationwide, the second period of Main Culmination takes place\nprogressively, from Sabang in Aceh on 7 September to Baa in East Nusa\nTenggara on 21 October. In Java, the Sun\u2019s apparent movement passes over\nthe island in mid-October.<\/p>\n<p>According to a BMKG release, the following major cities in Java\nexperience Main Culmination on these dates:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><p>Central Jakarta and Serang: 9 October 2026<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>Bandung and Semarang: 11 October 2026<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>Surabaya: 12 October 2026<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>Yogyakarta: 13 October 2026<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The intense heat in mid-October is not solely due to the Sun\u2019s\napparent position; it is also connected to seasonal weather patterns.\nJava is generally still in the dry season, with very little cloud\ncover.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"end-of-the-dry-season-and-start-of-the-rainy-season\">End of the\ndry season and start of the rainy season<\/h3>\n<p>BMKG notes that the peak of the dry season in most parts of Indonesia\nhad in fact passed in August. Nevertheless, scant cloud cover and a dry\nseason expected to last longer than usual mean that the Sun\u2019s radiation\nhas felt particularly intense at the Earth\u2019s surface throughout\nOctober.<\/p>\n<p>As for when the dry season will end, BMKG forecasts that the rainy\nseason will begin later than the climatological average across most of\nIndonesia. Most regions are expected to enter the rainy season gradually\nbetween November and December.<\/p>\n<p>The timing varies by area. The rainy season is forecast to begin in\nNovember in a small number of areas in Java and Sumatra, before\nspreading across most of Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara in December. One\nfactor influencing these conditions is a global climate indicator: El\nNi\u00f1o is in a Very Strong phase.<\/p>",
        "url": "https:\/\/jawawa.id\/newsitem\/what-is-causing-the-hot-weather-in-java-is-it-because-the-sun-is-overhead-1792137119",
        "image": ""
    },
    "sponsor": "Okusi Associates",
    "sponsor_url": "https:\/\/okusiassociates.com"
}