Physicists who 'made atoms sing' win Nobel<\/p>\n
Agencies, Stockholm<\/p>\n
Three physicists who \"made atoms sing\" won the 2001 Nobel Prize
\nin Physics on Tuesday for freezing matter into a new state that
\nmay help make microscopic computers and revolutionize aircraft
\nguidance.<\/p>\n
\"This year's Nobel laureates have succeeded -- they have
\ncaused atoms to 'sing in unison' -- thus discovering a new state
\nof matter,\" the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said in a
\nstatement.<\/p>\n
Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman of the United States and
\nGermany's Wolfgang Ketterle won the prestigious US$1 million
\nprize for creating a form of matter that is extremely pure and
\ncoherent, in the same way that lasers are a pure kind of light.<\/p>\n
The trio were awarded the 2001 prize \"for the achievement of
\nBose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and
\nfor early fundamental studies of the properties of the
\ncondensates,\" according to the citation.<\/p>\n
Cornell, 39, is a senior scientist at the National Institute
\nof Standards and Technology in the United States and professor
\nadjoint at the University of Colorado, while Wieman, 50, is a
\nphysics professor at the same university.<\/p>\n
The pair conducted their research together, while Ketterle, a
\n43-year-old physics professor at the Massachusetts Institute of
\nTechnology, worked independently. The three succeeded in
\nachieving Bose-Einstein condensation in 1995, building on the
\ntheory developed by Indian physicist S.N. Bose in 1924 and later
\nextended by Albert Einstein.<\/p>\n
Their technology can create atom lasers which could in the
\nfuture draw microscopic computer circuits many times tinier than
\nthe smallest in use today, allowing extremely fast, powerful and
\ncompact computers to be built.<\/p>\n
Atom lasers could also allow extremely accurate guidance
\nsystems and gravity meters, pinpointing the position of airliners
\nand spacecraft to within a few centimeters.<\/p>\n
The three will receive their prize, along with the other Nobel
\nlaureates, from the hands of Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf at the
\nofficial ceremony in Stockholm on Dec. 10, the anniversary of the
\ndeath in 1896 of the prizes' creator, Swedish scholar and
\ninventor Alfred Nobel.<\/p>\n
On Monday, the Nobel Medicine Prize was the first of this
\nyear's Nobel prizes to be announced.<\/p>\n
Leland Hartwell of the United States and Paul Nurse and
\nTimothy Hunt, both of Britain, were honored for their discoveries
\nabout how cells divide, which have opened dramatic new
\npossibilities for curing cancer.<\/p>\n
On Wednesday, the Nobel Prizes for Chemistry and Economics
\nwill be announced, to be followed on Thursday by the Literature
\nPrize. The Nobel week will conclude Friday with the prestigious
\nPeace Prize.<\/p>",
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